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English Compared With Other Languages

This is only a brief comparison of English with other languages, not a complex one. 1. Endings Unlike words in some other languages, English words do not have a lot of different endings. Nouns take s in the plural ( miles ), but they do not have endings to show whether they are subject or object. Verbs take a few endings such as ed for the past ( started ), but they do not take endings for person, except in the third person singular of the present tense ( it starts ). Articles (e.g. the ), Possessives (e.g. my ) and adjectives (e.g. good ) do not have endings for number or gender. Pronouns (e.g. lime ) have fewer forms than in many languages. 2. Word order Word order is very important in English. As nouns do not have endings for subject or object, it is the word order that shows which is which. Subject - Verb - Object The woman loved the man. (She loved him.) The man loved the woman. (He loved her.) The subject-verb order is fixed, and we can change it only if there is a spec...

Summary of English Phrases

There are five kinds of phrase. 1. Verb phrase: come, had thought, was left, will be climbing A verb phrase has an ordinary verb (come, thought, left, climbing) and may also have an auxiliary (had, was, will). 2. Noun phrase: a good flight, his crew, we A noun phrase has a noun (flight), which usually has a determiner (a) and/or adjective (good) in front of it. A noun phrase can also be a pronoun (we). 3. Adjective phrase: pleasant, very late An adjective phrase has an adjective, sometimes with an adverb of degree (very). 4. Adverb phrase: quickly, almost certainly An adverb phrase has an adverb, sometimes with an adverb of degree (almost). 5. Prepositional phrase: after lunch, on the aircraft A prepositional phrase is a preposition + noun phrase

Word Classes or Parts of Speech

There are different classes of word, sometimes called 'parts of speech'. The word come is a verb, letter is a noun and great is an adjective. NOTE: Some words belong to more than one word class. For example, test can be a noun or a verb. He passed the test. (noun) He had to test the machine. (verb) There are eight main word classes in English. Verb: climb, eat, welcome, be Noun: aircraft, country, lady, hour Adjective: good, British, cold, quick Adverb: quickly, always, approximately Preposition: to, of, at, on Determiner: the, his, some, forty-five Pronoun: we, you, them, myself Conjunction: and, but, so NOTE There is also a small class of words called 'interjections'. They include oh, ah and mhm. Verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs are 'vocabulary words'. Learning vocabulary means learning verbs, nouns, adjectives and adverbs. Prepositions, determiners, pronouns and conjunctions belong to much smaller classes. These words are sometimes called...

Verbs: The Heart of the Sentence

Every sentence needs a verb, so you start with the verb when you want to do anything to your sentence — including correct it. Verbs come in all shapes and sizes. In this chapter, I explain how to distinguish between linking and action verbs and to sort helping verbs from main verbs. Then I show you how to choose the correct verb for each sentence. Finally, I explain which pronouns you need for sentences with linking verbs.  Linking Verbs: The Giant Equal Sign Linking verbs are also called being verbs because they express states of being — what is, will be, or was. Here’s where math intersects with English. Linking verbs are like giant equal signs plopped into the middle of your sentence. For example, you can think of the sentence Ralph’s uncle is a cannibal with a taste for finger food. as Ralph’s uncle = a cannibal with a taste for finger food. Or, in shortened form, Ralph’s uncle = a cannibal Just as in an algebra equation, the word is links two ideas and says th...

Declarative Sentence and Word Order

Declarative sentences in English consist of a subject and predicate. The verb in the predicate is conjugated appropriately for the subject and in a specific tense: subject +  predicate Mary  speaks English. Let’s look at some examples that illustrate this. Declarative sentences can have a singular or plural noun as their subject and can be followed by a verb in any tense and by the complement of the sentence. John repairs the car. The boys ran into the forest. Other declarative sentences use a pronoun as their subject, and again the tense of the sentence can vary.  She has never been to England.   singular-pronoun subject, present-perfect-tense verb We shall visit them soon. plural-pronoun subject, future-tense verb Since English verbs can show an incomplete action or one in progress (he is going) or a completed or habitual action (he goes), when changing tenses, you have to conform to the type of action of the verb. For examp...

History of English Learners Club - transform to La Academic

English Learners Club is an organization of learners who study English. It started as WA (WhatsApp) Group in June 2016 and the it's changed as a website in the end of 2016. The purpose of this Blog is as a room of everyone who study English whether it's American, British, Canadian or Australian English, or even something else. Our goal is to help everyone to get the skill of English in four abilities namely Listening, Speaking, Reading and Writing. In order to do so, we're going to posts English materials in form of articles, videos, audios, or e-books that are going to improve your English. Please feel free to criticize, request or comment anything you want! Click to join our WA Group The group is inactive now, some members just busy with their daily live or has just achieved their goals. And then it changed into La Academic which means (La - Espanish = The, academic = college students), that also has a meaning that no matter how high your degree or e...